Language as a Powerful Mind Control Weapon Essay Example for Free

Language as a Powerful Mind Control Weapon Essay Nineteen Eighty-Four (1949) is a great tragic novel by English creator George Orwell. Much the same as the latter’s prior work, Animal Farm (1945), Nineteen Eighty-Four is a wake up call about the perils of autocracy. The novel’s fundamental character, Winston Smith, is a government employee entrusted with spreading government publicity through the manufacturing of records and political writing. Disappointed with such a robotic presence, Smith starts an uprising against the system †a move which later brought about his imprisonment and torment. The regard of Nineteen Eighty-Four can be ascribed fundamentally to its forthcoming and clear depiction of the propagation of business as usual to the detriment of individual rights (Gearon 65). A significant number of the novel’s wordings and thoughts, for example, â€Å"doublethink,† â€Å"Orwellian,† â€Å"Newspeak† and â€Å"Big Brother,† in the long run gained secure spots in the English language (Trahair 289). At present, a few scholars even utilize these articulations and ideas to reprimand abusive government approaches. The term â€Å"Orwellian,† for example, is presently a saying that alludes to any type of regularity that intently looks like the Party (Cameron 151). One of Orwell’s significant contentions in the novel is that language is the extremist government’s most impressive weapon of brain control. Through the utilization of tricky language and purposeful publicity, just as the change of language, the Party had the option to control the considerations and convictions of the residents of Oceania. Newspeak was the Party’s essential methods for misdirecting the residents of Oceania (Thomas, Singh, Peccei, Jones and Wareing 39). It was a defiled type of Standard English (referred to in the novel as Oldspeak) that mirrored the standards of Ingsoc. â€Å"Undesirable† words were disposed of from the most widely used language, while those that were held were deprived of â€Å"unorthodox† indications (Ji 1). Therefore, it got difficult to create different methods of thought in Newspeak (Orwell 144). Newspeak was something other than a language †it was the â€Å"(embodiment) of the authoritarian (outlook) of the Party members† (Gerovitch 12). To oblige interchange perspectives would expand the chance of experiencing â€Å"heretical† contemplations (Gerovitch 13). It is done astonishing, in this manner, if the Party required all occupants of Oceania to utilize Newspeak †doing so was an extremely helpful method of influencing them with Ingsoc convictions. The monstrous intensity of language to control the brain is certainly not an anecdotal wonder. The Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis (n. d. ) contended that language decided how people apparent their condition (Thomas, Singh, Peccei, Jones and Wareing 39). This supposition that is made out of two sections †etymological relativity and phonetic determinism. Semantic relativity conjectured that the dialects of various societies don't really have proportionate frameworks of portrayal. Etymological determinism, then, stated that a language mirrored certain parts of reality as well as affected the speaker’s manner of thinking (Thomas, Singh, Peccei, Jones and Wareing 25). It is reasonable for state that the reason behind the turn of events and utilization of Newspeak depended on the Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis. In the novel’s reference section, it is uncovered that Ingsoc was initially known as English Socialism (Orwell 143). In any case, during the hour of English Socialism, individuals spoke Standard English. Thus, they were presented to radical thoughts that enlivened them to betray the Party (Ji 1). In counter, the Party hushed them through discipline and dread (Ji 1). The Party inevitably saw the time of English Socialism as one that was described with viciousness and wilderness. Standard English, in the mean time, was viewed as a relic of an anarchic past that must be disposed of no matter what. The Party even set a year where they anticipated that Standard English should be as of now nonexistent †2050 (Orwell 143). In the addendum of the novel, Orwell composed the Party’s extreme dream †a general public wherein everybody acknowledged the official philosophy even without the danger of discipline and fear (Ji 1). This was just conceivable, be that as it may, in the event that they had no entrance to incendiary thoughts. It must be noticed that with regards to the novel, Standard English was viewed as the wellspring of nonconformist ideas. The Party in this manner understood that Standard English must be supplanted with a solitary and uncommonly devised language †Newspeak. At the point when individuals talked, heard, read and composed distinctly in Newspeak, they could be monitored even without through and through state oppression (Ji 1). Newspeak was the official language of Oceania and had been contrived to meet the ideological needs of Ingsoc, or English Socialism. In the year 1984 there was not so far any individual who utilized Newspeak as his sole methods for correspondence, either in discourse or composing. The main articles in The Times were written in it, yet this was a visit de power which must be completed by a pro. It was normal that Newspeak would have at long last supplanted Oldspeak (or Standard English, as we should call it) by about the year 2050. (143) The reason for Newspeak was not exclusively to give a mode of articulation to the (perspective) and mental propensities legitimate to the enthusiasts of Ingsoc, yet to make every other method of thought incomprehensible. It was planned that when Newspeak had been received unequivocally and it slipped Oldspeak's mind, a shocking idea †that is, an idea veering from the standards of Ingsoc †ought to be truly unbelievable, in any event so far as thought is subject to words. Its jargon was so developed as to give definite and frequently unobtrusive articulation to each implying that a Party part could appropriately wish to communicate, while barring every other importance and furthermore the chance of showing up at them by roundabout techniques. This was done mostly by the development of new words, however mostly by taking out unwanted words and by stripping such words as survived from unconventional implications, thus far as conceivable of every single auxiliary significance whatever. To give a solitary model. The word free despite everything existed in Newspeak, yet it must be utilized in such explanations as â€Å"This hound is liberated from lice† or â€Å"This field is liberated from weeds. † It couldn't be utilized in its old feeling of â€Å"politically free† or â€Å"intellectually free† since political and scholarly opportunity not, at this point existed even as ideas, and were in this way of need anonymous. (144) An individual growing up with Newspeak as his sole language would no more realize that equivalent had once had the auxiliary significance of â€Å"politically equal,† or that free had once implied â€Å"intellectually free,† than for example, an individual who had never known about chess would know about the optional implications joining to sovereign and rook. There would be numerous wrongdoings and mistakes which it would be past his capacity to submit, essentially in light of the fact that they were anonymous and along these lines incomprehensible. (148-149) This desire, be that as it may, was not without genuine outcomes. The individual privileges of the individuals of Oceania were seriously damaged. They continually lived in dread of government response †scenes across London were besieged with banners of â€Å"Big Brother† with the subtitle â€Å"Big Brother is Watching You† (Orwell 1). Two-way TVs †telescreens †were introduced in all homes and open foundations so as to screen the masses for any indication of rebellious action (thoughtcrime). More awful, the Party urged everybody to keep an eye on each other. Indeed, even youngsters were requested to report their folks to the specialists (Thought Police) in the event that they discovered them carrying out a thoughtcrime. Winston Smith was among the individuals who died. Upon his capture, he was taken to the Ministry of Love, where he was exposed to electroshock torment. Winston was a while later taken to the notorious Room 101, where a detainee was tormented by being presented to their biggest dread. Winston’s base dread was rodents †he was in this way tormented by having a wire confine loaded with starving rodents brought close to his face. Frozen, Winston at last acknowledges Party belief system and was later discharged as a programmed person. Tragically, clearly Orwell’s cautioning in Nineteen Eighty-Four went unnoticed. At present, there are still such huge numbers of social orders wherein individuals are deprived of their fundamental rights and freedoms. Is all the more disheartening that a portion of the gatherings who are liable of this bad behavior are really asserting that they are steadfast supporters of opportunity, equity and equity. They utilize expound purposeful publicity to announce their â€Å"advocacy† while acting in a totally different way. The Party utilized language so as to keep the individuals of Oceania quiet, uninformed and persecuted. In doing as such, the previous demonstrated that malevolent succeeds where great is quiet. Orwell, then again, utilized words so as to uncover and battle this abomination. In doing as such, he demonstrated that the pen is mightier than the blade. Works Cited Cameron, Deborah. Verbal Hygiene. New York: Routledge, 1995. Gearon, Liam. Opportunity of Expression and Human Rights: Historical, Literary and Political Contexts. Eastbourne: Sussex Academic Press, 2006. Gerovitch, Slava. From Newspeak to Cyberspeak: A History of Soviet Cybernetics. Cambridge: MIT Press, 2004. Ji, Fengyuan. Semantic Engineering: Language and Politics in Mao’s China. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press, 2004. Orwell, George. Nineteen Eighty-Four. n. p. : n. d. Thomas, Linda, Ishtla Singh, Jean Stilwell Peccei, Jason Jones, and Shan Wareing. Language, Society and Power: An Introduction. second ed. New York: Routledge, 2004.

The Truth About Partial-Birth Abortion :: Persuasive Essay, Argumentative

The Truth About Partial-Birth Abortion   Three Works cited    On June 28, 2000, Justice Clarence Thomas of the US Supreme Court clarified an incomplete birth premature birth in his contradiction re the court's decision which upset Nebraska's restriction on such premature births: In the wake of widening the cervix, the doctor will get the baby by its feet and haul the fetal body out of the uterus into the vaginal depression. At this phase of advancement, the head is the biggest piece of the body. [. . .] the head will be held inside the uterus by the lady's cervix. While the hatchling is stuck in this position, dangling mostly out of the lady's body, and only a couple of creeps from a finished birth, the doctor utilizes an instrument, for example, some scissors to tear or puncture the skull. The doctor will at that point either smash the skull or will utilize a vacuum to expel the cerebrum and other intracranial substance from the fetal skull, breakdown the embryo's head, and pull the hatchling fro m the uterus. (Thomas)   Justic Thomas' announcement depicts the strange organization of incomplete birth fetus removal, or the close total conveyance and afterward cut slaughtering of the child. The vast majority's hearts don't upset them re this method since they don't completely comprehend that the slaughtering happens when the child has been for the most part conveyed. A completely suitable infant is slaughtered!   With respect to way to deal with fetus removal, a typical misconception is reflected by a remedial letter to the Editor of the Wall Street Journal on May 14, 2001, which endeavored to right certain off-base articulations from a Journal article about fractional birth premature birth:   The Journal has educated its perusers that fractional birth premature birth is an uncommon methodology, normally performed when the life of the mother is in danger, or the hatchling is resolved to have extreme variations from the norm (Drive to Ban Abortion Procedure Slows, April 27.) But those cases, manufactured by expert fetus removal support bunches in 1995, had been altogether disparaged by mid 1997.   The Journal said that pundits . . . fight the technique now and then is utilized in less desperate conditions. Actually, it was abortionists and their paid spokespersons who conceded that halfway birth fetus removal is routinely utilized for simply elective premature births, as a rule in the fifth and 6th long periods of pregnancy. For instance, Ron Fitzsimmons, official chief of the National Coalition of Abortion Providers, disclosed to The New York Times that in most by far of cases, the strategy is performed on a sound mother with a solid embryo (Feb.

Obesity Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 6

Corpulence - Essay Example Kids invest practically zero energy outside playing and going around in view of computer games. The pharmaceutical organizations give the populace pills to shed pounds and this builds aloof way of life in light of the fact that mentally individuals will consistently pick gulping pill over activities on the grounds that it’s simple (Flegal et al., 2010). I firmly accept that way of life and ecological variables are the significant causes and it tends to be seen that from 1980 the forward leap in present day advances in all circles of life. The dietary propensity for individuals changed as quick nourishments supplanted home food sources; individuals received the utilization of quick food sources which contain a great deal of calories and sugars. This sets aside time and once in a while cash however in actuality it accompanies genuine wellbeing outcomes. The spread of cheap food quickly prompted increment utilization of high calories and increment in hardware decreased physical exercises, in the 10,000 foot view youngsters invest more energy inside with computer games and eating high greasy nourishments which prompts weight and the equivalent is found in grown-ups who invest so much time working. The utilization of cheap food eases them of the â€Å"stress† of cooking and placing into account decline in physical exercises becaus e of apparatus. In the creating nations where western way of life is being received it’s seen that corpulence is additionally expanding. To turn the pattern of corpulence certain estimates need be taken, for example, 1) empowering physical activities 2) control of craving by teaching the individuals on the perils of undesirable eating, 3) directing the exercises of inexpensive food organizations and 4) working of parks and giving free outside exercise offices (Flegal et al., 2010). I will encourage him to initially diminish the utilization of fatty admission particularly in cheap food and increment admission of vegetables and organic products, control of hunger and attempt to practice in any event multiple times in seven days with the power of the activity expanding

The Marketing Communication Process - Free Essay Example

Summary of Marketing Communications Process The marketing communication process represents varied disciplines and tools that are composed of five elements (Finne and Gronroos, 2009). These represent advertising, personal selling, sales promotion, direct marketing and public relations. The above were examined and explored in this discussion where each was found to have individual and specialised use and contribution to the marketing communication process. The process is an interdependent series of marketing efforts that require companies and marketers to take stock of the attributes and shortcomings of their product or service to construct a plan that achieves successful outcomes. The application of the marketing communication process is not a dogmatic discipline, but rather one that requires an understanding of the relative strengths and weaknesses of each component. This provides the basis for understanding how components can work together to address differing product and service demands. Understanding Marketing Communication and Advertising The mass media benefits of advertising is a key component as it offers the means to reach and influence the broadest cross section of consumers in a highly cost effective manner (Gilbody et al, 2005). The mediums employed represent television, broadcast, print and online techniques along with billboards, signs, posters and other forms that put the product message in front of the public. One of the challenges is waste and targeting. The mass media approach means that whilst the ad placements can be positioned to meet certain demographic and psychological aspects of the target audience, the imprecise approaches of television, broadcast and varied print mediums means that the advertising efforts will be either seen by non-target profiles or potentially lost in a sea of what is termed as advertising clutter (Rotfeld, 2006). Advertising clutter is defined as a large amount of advertising messages that bombard a consumer during television programs, the pages of magazines or in other p rint or broadcast mediums (Rotfeld, 2006). The number of ads tends to cause consumers to either ignore these efforts or to tune them out unless the creativity used in the messages specially appeals to a consumer need (Fill, 2005). The above are distinct challenges faced by marketers in the use of advertising that are highly difficult and complex to execute. Whilst consumers can be classified and grouped into general categories, the differing stages represented by their decision making process in terms of readiness and intent to purchase poses additional hurdles faced by using mass media advertising (Chan et al, 2009). Frequency and repetitiveness represent the general tool used to address the above, however, depending on the medium used, such as television and magazines, these measures (frequency) can be highly expensive (Kelly and Jugenheimer, 2008; Fill, 2005). Overcoming the above costs aspects as well as clutter and the tendency to ignore ads represents a distinct challeng e for marketers. The solution lies in crafting a mixture of advertising, personal selling, sales promotion, direct marketing and public relations that provide enough frequency and exposure to counteract the indicated clutter and tendency to ignore ads, whilst meeting the dictates of a cost effective budget. Contribution of Personal Selling to Marketing Communications Depending on the nature of the business, the products being offered and the size of the company, personal selling can represent either an efficient or highly costly mode of marketing communication (Baker and Hart, 2008). Whilst in most cases the sales personal are paid by commission, the percentage of the sale that needs to be devoted to this approach has to be high enough to induce top flight personnel to participate (Ross et al, 2005). The potential to sell enough units to enable them to earn a good wage is a critical factor in attracting better qualified individuals (Ross et al, 2005). More importantly, the product has to be suited to this type of approach. Other challenges include being able to develop suitable potential sales prospects that represent lead generation created by advertising, offers, website visits, promotions and in some cases cold canvassing techniques (Smith et al, 2006). The challenges are to reduce the per unit sales expense low enough to justify its use and the payment of commissions. In terms of an example of the above, this means that the item must be highly suited for direct selling. Insurance, brokerage services, real estate and cars are prime examples (Hendershott and Zhang, 2006). This is due to the complexity of choices in terms of product types where explaining and establishing a rapport with the consumer is a key part of the process (Hendershott and Zhang, 2006; Fill, 2005). The built in margins in these products and services is high enough to absorb the commission and sales administration costs that include hiring better quality personnel. As pointed, personal selling, in lieu of mass product distribution in stores, chains or using the Internet is not suited to many types of products or services. Typically, companies such as electronics (computers, home appliances, banking and other products or services) utilise amended customer service call in centres where operators are trained to refer customer to a sales department when it is discovered a new or replacement product is either needed or desired (Piercy and Rich, 2009). This is a form of personal selling that is organised as part of normal business functions, in order to aid in generating sales whilst keeping costs low. As is the case with the marketing communications process, in order to address the varied challenges faced by targeting and reaching the right prospects in a cost effective manner, a combination of various segments of the five marketing communications process elements needs to be used that suits the individual situations, products and other aspects of each company. Apple is a key example of a company that uses all forms of the five elements in conjunction with personal selling that consists of the Apple Store outlets, service and the Internet (MuÃÆ' ±iz and Schau, 2007). It also utilises varied forms of sales promotion, direct marketing and public relations in a multi-pronged effort to reach as broad a potential audience combin ed with frequency and exposure to create the conditions to generate sales (Shimp and Andrews, 2013). This is an example also employed by automotive and other companies (insurance, banking, etc.). Benefits of Sales Promotion in Marketing Communications This is a form that in most cases uses purchase incentives to lure customers to buy based on varied reasons (Gronroos, 2004). It can be seen in supermarkets where varied products and produce carry two for one offers to generate sales using savings as the lure. Other inducements represent discounts during off seasonality buying lows such as January for cars, or May and June price discounts for computer equipment that usually spikes in August, as part of back to school specials (Alawadi et al, 2006). Basically, all companies use some form of sales promotion to generate sales based on seasonality or competitive factors that are used in conjunction with other marketing communication processes. The key challenge that marketers face in terms of the use of this method is not devalue the perceived worth of their products by using too many sales promotions that customers are quick to see as efforts to gain sales (Alawadi et al, 2006). Apple is a prime example of a company that makes limi ted use of sales promotions, and when they do, it primarily consists of adding additional memory or other features as part of the normal sales price (MuÃÆ' ±iz and Schau, 2007). Apple has maintained a high price point for its products by avoiding sales promotions that offer price discounts. The automotive discount wars of the late 1990 and early 2000 showed automotive companies that discounting prices actually hinder bottom line revenues (Baily et al, 2005). Uses of Direct Marketing in Marketing Communication This process represents one that includes mailing special offers and inducements to customers and target audiences that are an important generator of sales (Fill, 2005). Huge customer relationship data bases are compiled using point of sale information from dealers and stores, Internet sale websites, customer service intake calls and other methods (Tapp. 2008). It aids in understanding purchase patterns, demographics, and frequency of purchase that are used to put together special mailings. Insurance companies, banks, supermarket chains and many service type industries make extensive use of this method. Todays electronic mediums such as the Internet, and smartphones have expanded the effectiveness and efficiency of direct marketing (Persaud and Azhar, 2012). The challenge that marketers face today is that the compiling of these customer relationship databases, along with purchase and contact records has become common practice for large firms (Neslin et al, 2006). The increased c ompetitiveness of firms within varied industry classifications, along with new affordable database software and storage systems means this field of marketing communications has undergone a transformation process (Wilson, 2011). This means that mid-sized and smaller forms are able to effectively use the sales generation benefits of direct marketing in their overall efforts. The new challenge thus represents the creative crafting of customised approached using printed materials (mail) and electronic distribution devised to appeal to customers and target audience using more specialised parameters (Palmer and Loenig-Lewis, 2009). Knowing when customers might seek to replace a product or upgrade their insurance, are keys to effectiveness under direct marketing that helps to generate leads and inquiries. The challenge that faces marketers is knowing how and when to prospect for sales and customers to induce them to take action, and purchase. The modern interconnected nature of physical locations, Internet websites, emails, online customer service and other areas represents a highly proactive customer environment for every phase of the direct marketing experience (Palmer and Loenig-Lewis, 2009). The understanding of the increased immediacy in reaching and providing consumers ways to receive, or get answers to questions is key to all of the marketing communication process mentioned herein. How Public Relations Contribute to the Marketing Communications Process This represents an underutilised form for most firms as they fail to understand the importance of keeping the public informed of developments (Krimsky, 2007). The Internet age has given rise to increased scrutiny concerning all aspects of company operations, products and shortcomings (Krimsky, 2007). Curtin and Gaither (2009) define public relations as the process of supplying stakeholders and the general public with information regarding its operations. However, in todays information age, companys face new challenges represented by the increased availability of positive and negative comments by bloggers, product reviewers, and comparative product sites (Droge et al, 2009). The avenue to address these areas represents public relations releases in print, the Internet along with video chats, video conferences and other means highly successful marketing companies such as Apple use public relations to introduce new product innovations, releases, information on upcoming developments and other aspects of operations and products to keep the companys name and activities in front of the public (Cornelissen, 2014). The challenge faced by marketers is to take advantage of the climate for increased information consumers crave, use this as a positive vehicle that works in consort with other marketing communications processes. This approach represents a highly sophisticated and coordinated approach that looks at marketing communications as a whole, as opposed to piece meal operations. Subject Conclusions Whilst it is convenient to think of the marketing communication process in terms of large companies, this does not necessarily provide the needed examples to understand the best approaches. There are countless examples of large companies that have spent huge sums on marketing, only to be out manoeuvred by smaller companies that established a more focused and connected approach to engage consumers. The main message that was uncovered throughout this examination is that each potential to communicate with the public represents a selling opportunity using the most cost effective and attention getting means available. Todays Internet and varied approaches to aid in the coordination of advertising (using Internet banner ads), personal selling (using customer service), sales promotion, direct marketing (using email and mobile technologies, along with carefully crafted public relations are examples. The hallmark of successful marketing communications is a consistent theme and message de livery that utilises all of the processes. The challenge faced by marketers is not the size of budgets, but how to obtain maximum exposure, message delivery and consistency that combats competitive efforts and strikes an accord with consumers. This entails the use of all of the processes using memorable messages that consumers can connect and relate to, and then delivering on these promises. References Baily, M., Farrell, D., Greenberg, E., Henrich, J., Jinjo, N., Jolles, M., Reinesd, J. (2005) Increasing Global Competition and Labor Productivity: Lessons from the US Automotive Industry. (online) Available at https://www.frbsf.org/economic-research/events/feed/4_IncreasingGlobalCompetition1.pdf Baker, M., Hart, S. (2008) The Marketing Book. London: Elsevier. Chan, J., Zhenhui, J.., Tan, B. (2009) Understanding Online Interruption-Based Advertising: Impacts of Exposure Timing, Advertising Intent, and Brand Image. Engineering Management. 57(3). pp. 369-370. Cornelissen, J. (2014) Corporate Communication: A Guide to Theory and Practice. London: Sage Publications. Curtin, P., Gaither, T. (2009) Privileging Identity, Difference, and Power: The Circuit of Culture As a Basis for Public Relations Theory. Journal of Public Relations Research. 17(2). pp. 95-97. Droge, C., Stanko, M., Pollitte, W. (2009) Lead Users and Early Adopters on the Web: The Role of New Technology Pro duct Blogs. Journal of Product Innovation Management. 27(1). pp. 71-75. Fill, C. (2005) Marketing Communications: Engagements, Strategies and Practice. Harlow: Pearson Education. Finne, A., Gronroos, C. (2009) Rethinking marketing communication: From integrated marketing communication to relationship communication. Journal of Marketing Communications. 15(3). pp. 184-186. Gilbody, S., Wilson, P., Watt, I. (2005) Benefits and harms of direct to consumer advertising: a systematic review. British Medical Journal of Quality and Safety. 14(6). pp. 248-249. Gronroos, C. (2004) The relationship marketing process: communication, interaction, dialogue, value. Journal of Business Industrial Marketing. 19(2). pp.103 105. Hendershott, T., Zhang, J. (2006) A model of direct and intermediated sales. Journal of Economics Management Strategy. 15(2). pp. 283-285. Kelly, L., Jugenheimer, D. (2008) Advertising Media Planning. Armonk: M.E. Sharpe. Krimsky, S. (2007) Risk communic ation in the internet age: The rise of disorganized skepticism. Environmental Hazards. 7(2). pp. 161-163. MuÃÆ' ±iz, A., Schau, H. (2007) Vigilante Marketing and Consumer-Created Communications. Journal of Advertising. 36(3). pp. 38-40. Neslin, S., Gupta, S., Kamakura, W., Lu, J., Mason, C. (2006) Defection Detection: Measuring and Understanding the Predictive Accuracy of Customer Churn Models. Journal of Marketing Research. 43(2). pp. 207-210. Palmer, A., Loenig-Lewis, N. (2009) An experiential, social networkà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ based approach to direct marketing. Direct Marketing: An International Journal. 3(3). pp.168 172. Persaud, A., Azhar, I. (2012) Innovative mobile marketing via smartphones: Are consumers ready? Marketing Intelligence Planning. 30(4). pp.423 425. Piercy, N., Rich, N. (2009) Lean transformation in the pure service environment: the case of the call service centre. International Journal of Operations Production Management. 29(1). pp.56 61. Ross, W., Dalsace, F., Anderson, E. (2005) Should you set up your own sales force or should you outsource it? Pitfalls in the standard analysis. Business Horizons. 48(1). pp. 28-31. Shimp, T., Andrews, J. (2013) Advertising Promotion and Other Aspects of Integrated Marketing Communications. London: Cengage Learning. Smith, T., Gopalakrishna, S., Chatterjee, R. (2006) A Three-Stage Model of Integrated Marketing Communications at the Marketing-Sales Interface. Journal of Marketing Research. 43(4). pp. 564-579. Tapp. A. (2008) Principles of Direct and Database Marketing. Harlow: Pearson Education. Wilson, A. (2011) Marketing Research: An Integrated Approach. London: FT Prentice Hall.

Depiction Of Beauty Has On Young Girl s Individual Self...

Current Study The purpose of this study is to investigate the depiction of beauty in animated Disney Princess movies and consequences the portrayal of beauty has on young girl’s individual self-esteem. This study includes one general hypothesis. The hypothesis states that young girls who idealize the beauty standards of Disney Princesses will have lower self-esteem than young girls who do not idealize their standard of beauty. I expected that young girls who have the desire to mimic Disney Princesses will have lower self-esteem because the beauty standards of Disney Princess are impossible to obtain; therefore, their perception of beauty will become extremely faltered, which will lead to a decrease in their self-esteem levels and a negative perception of their body image compared to Disney Princesses. Young girls with higher expectations regarding beauty standards, self-esteems will be negatively impacted due to the â€Å"beauty-goodness† stereotype presented in animate d Disney films, for Disney films portray beauty over all human attributes, which skews young girl’s perception of beauty and their overall self-image. This study is similar to an experiment conducted by Bazzini et al. In Bazzini et al. study, the researchers assessed whether children can be influenced by a single exposure to animated Disney films that are either stereotypical in its portrayal of characters or non-stereotypical in its portrayal of the physical attractiveness stereotype, and if the physicalShow MoreRelatedThe Effects Of Social Media On Young Girls And Women Alike1474 Words   |  6 Pagesidealistic view amongst young girls and women alike. Among the mechanisms of human agency none is more central or pervasive than beliefs of personal efï ¬ cacy (Bandura, 1997). 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Indonesia Asia Stumbling Giant free essay sample

What Political factors explain Indonesia’s poor economic performance? What economic factors? Are these two related? Political factors are corruption and red tape, absolutism and crony capitalism. Economic factors are poor infrastructure and fleeing of foreign companies from the country decreasing the foreign investments in the country and increasing the unemployment rate in the country. The political and economic factors that hinder growth in Indonesia are entangled. 2. Why do you think foreign firms exited Indonesia in the early 2000’s?What are the implications for the country? What is required to reverse this trend? I think the foreign firms started exiting Indonesia due to corruption, business costs, poor infrastructure, unreliable legal system, stagnating economy, uncontrolled crime. Some foreign firms did invest, but eventually they left as all their profits were evaporated by giving bribes to the officials. Even though there was an anti-corruption drive, it had no power and even the political leaders didn’t care as they themselves were so corrupt. We will write a custom essay sample on Indonesia Asia Stumbling Giant or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Also Indonesia lagged behind its neighboring countries like China, India, Malaysia and Thailand which encouraged the foreign firms migrating to these countries. All these resulted in an economic stagnation increasing the unemployment rate, fall in GDP. This can be reversed by curbing the corruption, reducing the paperwork associated and speeding up the processes, investing in domestic infrastructure by improving roads and electricity. People should elect good leaders who could bring free market trade and avoid favoritism. Privatizing business processes.A poor infrastructure in roads and the unreliability of the electric grid together creates unwelcoming business climates decreasing business confidence in Indonesia, leading to capital flight and a decrease in investments, shaking the very foundation of economic growth which is leading to the economic stagnation. These risks can be reduced by curbing the corruption, reducing the paperwork associated, investing in domestic infrastructure by improving roads, electricity†¦etc

How to Write an Essay Online

How to Write an Essay OnlineThere are many ways to write an essay online. However, the easiest way is to use the same basic format for every assignment that you take online. This is the best way to save money and time.Every essay online should start with an introduction. As a matter of fact, this is the first thing the reader sees when they open up the essay. Since it is the first thing the reader sees, you want to make sure that you give it a strong opening paragraph. Give it the chance to stand out in the crowd.The main points in your essay must also be concisely stated and summarized. You will find that many people skim the first few paragraphs of your essay. Even if they read them, if they can't summarize them in one sentence, they are likely to skip over them. In addition, the essay summary is another place where you can give the reader a hint as to what you are going to cover in your essay. This is especially important if you will be writing about a topic that will require you to go into depth.Your next step is to write your essay outline. This is where you will list all of the topics that you plan to cover in your essay. It is a good idea to write out your outline ahead of time so that you have a full set of topics to work with. This allows you to more easily put everything into the proper order when you begin writing your essay.Your essay outline should also include an introduction and a main point or two, but it must not be solely based on these two sentences. If you have several ideas to get across, the beginning of your essay will really help. In addition, you may want to consider incorporating some other ideas into your outline as well.After you have written your outline, you can move onto writing your actual essay. In fact, you may want to refer back to your outline throughout the course of your essay. This helps you keep things neat and organized and will also make it easier to see where you are going when you are finished.The last step of writing your essay is to proofread it. This is a necessity in writing any type of paper. You want to be sure that you have proofread it thoroughly before you submit it to anyone. If there are any errors in your essay, this will cause your essay to be rejected. Proofreading will also give you a chance to look over any grammar or spelling mistakes you might have made.These are the things that you need to know in order to write an essay online. Writing an essay can be very tedious, but if you follow these guidelines, it will be a lot easier for you.